线上与线下零售企业投入产出效率评价研究

摘要

The efficiency problem of network retail (online) and physical retail (offline) enterprises has been closely concerned , this paper is based on the business infrastructure , using DEA method to evaluate the input‐output efficiency of China's 16 retail enterprises in 2010‐2012 .Research show s that the comprehensive efficiency in 2012 of the online retail enterprises in China is higher than the offline retail enterprise ,due to its higher level of scale efficiency ;online retail enterprise's total factor productivity grow th rate is higher than the offline retail enterprises , this can be attributed to technical progress . Therefore ,promoting scale efficiency and strengthen technological innovation is the key to improve the input‐output efficiency of China's online and offline retail enterprises .The size of business infrastructure and the improvement of the information technology infrastructure for the retail enterprises improve the level of its efficiency has an irreplaceable role .%网络零售（线上）和实体零售（线下）的效率问题一直备受关注，从商业基础设施的视角出发，利用DEA方法对2010－2012年中国16家零售企业的投入产出效率进行评价。研究表明，2012年中国网络零售企业的综合效率高于实体零售企业，源于其规模效率处于较高水平；网络零售企业的全要素生产率的增长速度高于实体零售企业，这主要是由于技术进步的提高。因此，提升规模效率和加强技术创新是提高中国线上与线下零售业投入产出效率的关键。商业基础设施的规模大小及信息技术基础设施的完善对于零售企业提高其效率水平有着不可替代的作用。