基于夜间热红外光谱的地下煤火监测方法研究

摘要

Land surface temperature is higher in the zones of underground coal fire than in their surroundings areas. It is possible to monitor the coal fire and the heat anomalies using the remote sensing technology of thermal infrared By taking the coal fire of Wuda in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region as an example, the monitoring methods of underground coal fire were explored based on different seasons night ASTER thermal infrared images. By employing the TEC-ADE algorithm and threshold segmentation method, land surface temperature was retrieved and coal fire areas were extracted. Finally the seasonal variation of surface temperature, the surface temperature differences between night and day, and the change and distribution of coal fire area were analyzed. The results showed that (1) it is effective to retrieve land surface temperature and to avoid the interference of sand, bare land and building based on the remote sensing of thermal infrared at night; (2) it is best time to extract the coal fire areas based on the winter night images of thermal infrared; (3) it is effective to monitor the change and distribution of coal fire areas based on the winter night images of thermal infrared.%地下煤火燃烧在地表和近地面形成温度高于其周围环境的区域,可用热红外遥感技术监测地下煤火高温度区及热异常区.以内蒙古自治区乌达煤田火区为例,探索了利用不同季节夜间ASTER热红外光谱进行地下煤火监测方法.采样TES-ADE算法反演地表温度,阈值分割法提取煤火区,分析地表温度的季节变化规律、夜间与白天地表温度差异、煤火区分布格局及变化趋势.结果表明:(1)相对向天来说,夜间热红外光谱能够有效反演煤火区的地表温度,而且能够避免沙地、裸地与建筑物的干扰,提取的高温区基本都是煤火区;(2)相对其他季节来说,冬季热红外光谱是反演煤火区地表温度及提取煤火区的最佳时相,能有效区分煤火区与背景区;(3)冬季夜间热红外光谱能够有效监测煤火区的变化与分布格局.