在不同环境条件下用玉米生长模型预测优质蛋白玉米品种的物候期

摘要

Traditional agricultural research result is recognize d as sitespecific,slow,and expensive.One alternative to solve this problem is t o use modeling approach.A nitrogen×variety experiment was conducted in the Rese arch Station of Yunnan Academy of Agriculture Science(25°N,Lat.,109°E Long.,1 900 msl.).Three were five nitrogen levels,i.e.100,145,185,230,and 270 kgha－l.Three maize varieties,two were Quality Protein maize(QPM),were used,i.e. ,Across 8763,Poza Rica 7863,and normal maize Mobei 1.In order to simulate the ef fects of management practice on growth and development of different maize cultiv ars by using the Crop-Environment Resource Synthesis(CERES)-Maize model in Nor thern Thailand,one varieties×planting dates experiment was conducted in the Res earch Station of the Multiple Cropping Center,Faculty of Agriculture,Chiang Mai University(18°47′Lat.99°57′Long,300msl).The experiment was conducted to generate data set for use in genetic coefficients determination.There were three planting date levels:December 20,1994;January 5,1995;Januany 20,1995.Three maiz e cultivars were used,Across 8763(QPM),Poza Rica 8763(QPM) and Suwan 1.The Genot ype Coefficients Calculator(GENCAL)was used to determine a set of genetic coeffi cients for the three cultivars.The CERES-Maize model satisfactorily simulate ef fects of planting dates on growth and development of different maize cultivars.T his set of genetic coefficients was then used to simulated effects of management practices in Yunnan.The CERES-Maize model demonstrated acceptable ability to s imulate phenology events,e.g,silking,and physiological maturity dates.%传统农业研究方法的研究结果通常具有地域性，周期长，且投入大，解决这一问题较为理想的方法是利用作物的生长模型预测作物生长发育的过程。一个品种×施氮量的双因素试验在云南省农科院试验站(北纬25°，东经109°，海拔1900m)进行，试验有5个施氮水平：分别是100，145，185(N3)，230，和270kg／ha；3个参试种分别为：Across8763、PozaRica8763和普通玉米墨白1号。为了用CERES玉米生长模型预测栽培管理措施对不同品种生长发育的影响，在泰国北部清迈大学农学院的多熟种植中心(北纬18°47′，东经99°57′，海拔300m)进行品种×播种期的双因素试验，试验目的是确定品种的遗传参数。参试种为Across8763(QPM),PozaRica8763(QPM)和Suwan1，3个播种期分别是1994年12月20日、1995年1月5日和1995年1月20日。采用模型中遗传参数计算器(GENCAL)计算出这3个品种的遗传参数；在本研究中采用泰国获得的玉米品种的遗传参数对云南试验中两个品种的生长发育过程进行预测，结果表明CERES玉米模型可以较准确地预测不同种生长发育。