广西香蕉寒害冻害等级指标及发生规律研究

摘要

以2008年初极端低温胁迫对广西香蕉产业造成严重影响为启示,针对各地香蕉寒冻害危害情况调查标准不统一.对寒冻害造成损失的评估存在差异等问题,将香蕉寒冻害划分为5个等级,并在等级划分的基础上进一步确定综合灾损,最终完成了广西香蕉寒害冻害等级指标及其灾损评估标准的制定.对广西各地可能发生寒冻害的时间和概率进行具体分析,统计情况表明,广西香蕉主产区开始发生1级、2级寒害的时间分别为11月上旬和12月上旬,平均发生概率达到50％以上,并造成10％～20％的综合灾损；12月下旬至1月下旬期间还可能出现3至4级的严重冻害,综合灾损大于30％.%In early 2008, the extreme cold weather had put serious impact on banana industry of Guangxi. The investigation standard and assessment of damage caused by chilling and freezing injury in different regions are not uniform. Therefore, measure off the level of chilling and freezing injury to banana into 5 grades, then determine the comprehensive loss, at last complete the grade index and damage assessment criteria for banana chilling and freezing injury in Guangxi. Make specific analysis to the timing and probability that chilling and freezing injury to banana may happen in several parts of Guangxi, the statistical results showed that the grade 1 and grade 2 chilling and freezing injury began to happen in early November and early December in main banana-producing areas in Guangxi, the average probability was over 50 % , and caused 10 % to 20 % comprehensive loss; it was probable to occur grade 3 to grade 4 chilling and freezing injury during late December to late January, comprehensive loss was more than 30 %.