基于GIS的应急避难场所空间布局及优化——以河源市中心城区为例

摘要

Urban emergency shelter is to provide temporary life to the victims after the disaster,which is a very important public service facilities.It is a crucial effect on residents’ life and property safety whether its spatial distribution is reasonable or not.Taking Heyuan city as an example,on the basis of GIS software analysis technology,the paper analyzed and evaluated the emergency sheher space layout by using four methods.The results show that emergency shelter space layout and accessibility of services of Heyuan are relatively poor;emergency shelters service population configuration of a fairly large gap;the streets need to adjust the emergency shelter space.Lastly,the paper puts forward some suggestions for the adjustment of emergency shelters and layout optimization.%城市应急避难场所是在灾难发生后为灾民提供临时生活、避难的场所,是一项非常重要的公用服务设施,其空间分布合理与否对居民生命财产安全有着至关重要的影响.以河源市中心城区为例,在GIS软件分析技术的基础上,运用可达性等4种分析方法对河源市应急避难场所空间布局进行分析评价.结果显示:河源市应急避难场所空间布局相对较差,服务可达性也较差;应急避难场所服务人口配置缺口也比较大;各街道需要调整应急避难场所的空间.最后为应急避难场所的调整与优化布局提供相关建议.