女性家庭地位上升、生育率差异与工资不平等

摘要

This paper studies the role of the fertility rate and the gender discrimination in labor market in explaining the trend of the wage inequality. We show that women’ s rising status tends to decrease the fertility rate and the gender discrimination. But its effect on the skill premium depends on the fertility differential. If the fertility differential increases, the skill premium will rise. When the wage gender gap also influences women ’ s status, the fall of the fertility rate will increase the effect of women’ s status on the skill premium. We find empirical support in China’ s migration labor market.%文章通过把女性生育率和劳动力市场性别歧视内生化，为理解工资不平等的发展趋势提供了新的视角。研究表明，随着女性家庭地位上升和生育率下降，企业性别歧视程度降低，于是工资不平等将受女性技术工人和非技术工人生育率差异的影响。如果生育率差异扩大，那么技能溢价将上升。当性别工资差距可以影响女性家庭地位时，生育率下降将扩大女性家庭地位对技能溢价的影响。这一影响机制在关于我国农民工调查数据的实证研究中得到了验证。