中西方中古时期城乡关系比较研究初探

摘要

中古时期的城乡关系中西有别，本文通过分析已有的研究成果，从影响城乡关系的土地制度、社会阶层、经济关系三个层面研究这一时期的城乡关系，认为中世纪的西欧土地制度变迁促进得了城乡关系的变革，城市的发展经历了“衰退-复兴”的过程；而中国封建社会的城乡关系没有发生根本性变化，城市对乡村具有绝对的统治权，但是自中唐以后这种对立关系被“交相生养”的城乡经济网络所弱化。%Clearly, the urban-rural relation in the Middle Ages varies between China and Western Europe. In this paper, I study the urban-rural relationship in Middle Ages from land system impact, social class and economic relations, and believe that the reform of land system impact promote changes in the relations of medieval Europe , the city experienced a "Recession - Revival" process. But in China, Urban-rural relation has not fundamental y changed, cities have absolute dominion rural.