2014年和2015年分别以尤金和克新13号脱毒原种为供试材料,采用随机区组设计,分别设置6万穴/hm2、9万穴/hm2、12万穴/hm2播种穴数和1、3个主茎/穴(2014年)以及6万穴/hm2、8万穴/hm2、10万穴/hm2播种穴数和1、2个主茎/穴(2015年)等处理,研究密度调控方式对马铃薯块茎大小分布及产量的影响.两年试验结果表明:增加播种穴数或单穴主茎数都将增加30~150 g的块茎产量,降低150 g以上的块茎产量.早熟品种尤金的种薯生产采用12万穴/hm2、3主茎/穴的播种方式,并于苗后60 d左右收获,可获得较高150 g以下块茎产量;商品薯生产采用6万穴/hm2、3主茎/穴的播种方式可获得较高商品薯产量.中晚熟品种克新13号的种薯生产采用8万穴/hm2、2主茎/穴的播种方式,苗后80 d左右收获,可获得较高150 g以下块茎产量;商品薯生产采用6万穴/hm2、2主茎/穴的播种方式可获得较高商品薯产量.%Field experiments were conducted to study the effect of density control method on the potato tuber size distribution. The planting density of 60000, 90000 and 120000 holes/hm2 with 1 or 3 stems per hole were conducted with the variety of Youjin in 2014, and the planting density of 60000, 80000 and 100000 holes/hm2with 1 or 2 stems per hole were conducted with the variety of Kexin 13 in 2015 respectively. The yield of tubers of the grade 30–150 g increased by increasing the planting density or increasing stems, while the yield of tubers of the grade over 150 g decreased. To early maturing variety of Youjin, the planting density of 120000 holes/hm2 with 3 stems per hole and harvest at 60 d after emergence was suitable for seed potatoes production, while 60000 holes/hm2 with 3 stems per hole suitable for marketable tuber production. To late-maturing variety of Kexin 13, the planting density of 80000 holes/hm2 with 2 stems per hole and harvest at 80 d was suitable for seed potatoes production and 60000 holds/hm2 with 2 stems per hole suitable for marketable tuber production.
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