Soil samples of 0~20 cm layers under different soil types ( oasis soil, brown desert soil, saline soil and aeolian sandy soil) were collected across Yutian oasis of the Keriya river watershed. By analyzing soil enzyme activities and physico-chemical factors, this study made an attempt to discuss the relationships between soil enzyme activities and physicochemical factors by the methods of path analysis. The results showed that various soil enzyme activities and soil nutrient content of oasis soil was significantly higher than other soil types, while that of aeolian sandy soil was the lowest soil type. Oasis soil had the highest soil moisture content, and saline soil, brown desert soil and aeolian sandy soil in turn followed. The order of soil bulk density of all four soil types was aeolian sandy soil>saline soil>brown desert soil>oasis soil. All four soil types presented high soil salinization degree, and weak alkaline with no significant difference among each soil type. Groundwater depth ranged largely between different soil types. Path analysis showed that soil moisture, bulk density, organic matter, total nitrogen and groundwater depth had significant relationships with four soil enzyme activities. Speicifically, available phosphorus had signifi-cant effect on alkaline phosphatase, organic matter was the main factor influences the catalase activity, and bulk density had a relative large direct positive effect on catalase activity. Soil organic matter was the main factor that affect invertase activity, while total nitrogen was the key factor that influenced urease activity.%选择克里雅河流域于田绿洲为典型样区，以绿洲土、盐渍土、棕漠土及风沙土为对象，分析了4种土壤酶活性和9种理化因子的特征，结合通径分析讨论了土壤酶活性与理化因子的关系。结果表明，绿洲土土壤酶活性和养分含量显著高于其他类型，风沙土最低；绿洲土土壤水分含量最大，盐渍土、棕漠土和风沙土次之；风沙土容重最高，盐渍土、棕漠土和绿洲土次之；各土壤类型盐渍化程度均较高， pH值差异不显著，均表现为弱碱性；地下水埋深在各土壤类型间的变化范围较大。通径分析显示，土壤水分、容重、有机质、全氮、地下水埋深与4种土壤酶活性均有显著的相关关系，有效磷对碱性磷酸酶有极显著影响。有机质是影响过氧化氢酶活性的最主要因子，同时容重对过氧化氢酶活性亦有较大的直接正效应，影响蔗糖酶活性的主要因子是有机质，全氮是影响脲酶活性的主要因子。
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