城市污泥堆肥用于生产碱茅草无土草坪的研究

摘要

According to the mixture design {3, 2} simplex lattice theory, the merits of different proportions of rice chaff, sludge compost and vermiculite mix substrates were analyzed from the physical and chemical properties, the growth of alkali thatch physiological indices, the turf comprehensive quality and grass production cycle, respectively. The results showed that all the substrate of sludge compost mixed with rice chaff ( T4 ) and the substrate of sludge compost mixed with vermiculite (T6), the substrate of sludge compost mixed with rice chaff and vermiculite (CK1) had excellent physicochemical properties with plenty nutrients, low bulk density and the suitable values of pH and EC, and were suitable for cultivating turf grass. Comparing with the field soil (CK2), the substrate contains sludge compost increased the turf chlorophyll content. The root activity of T6 and CK1 decreased slightly but the catalase activity of them increased. Both the root activity and the catalase ac-tivity of T4 decreased slightly. The free proline content of T4, T6 and CK1 increased but didn‘t reach significant difference (P>0. 05). For the turf-grass comprehensive quality, the highest value occurred in CK1, followed by T4 and T6. A model was established based on the ratio of the mixtures combined with the production cycle, a total of 5 151 combing schemes were obtained by simulation and optimization, in which the shortest production cycle scheme was 18 days whcih contained 1 335 combing schemes, the scopes of rice chaff ( x1 ) sludge compost ( x2 ) , vermiculite ( x3 ) were 0≤x1≤90%, 10%≤x2≤30%, 0≤x3≤84%, respectively. Therefore, it was completely reliable and feasible to adopt rice chaff, vermiculite and sludge compost mixtures to cultivate the high quality alkali thatch soilless lawn.%根据混料设计{3,2}单形格子理论设计,分别从理化性状、碱茅草生长生理指标、草坪综合质量和草坪生产周期等方面分析了稻糠、污泥堆肥和蛭石不同比例混合基质的优劣。研究表明：稻糠与堆肥混合基质(T4),蛭石与堆肥混合基质(T6),稻糠、蛭石和堆肥混合基质(CK1)的容重适中,营养充足, pH和EC值适宜,适合草坪草生长。与大田( CK2)相比,含堆肥基质可显著提高叶绿素含量； T6、 CK1的根系活力稍有降低,但提高了草坪草过氧化氢酶活性,而T4根系活力和过氧化氢酶活性稍有降低；且三者的游离脯氨酸含量虽有所增加,但无显著差异(P>0．05)。综合评价草坪草质量以CK1最高, T4、 T6次之。通过建立基质配比与生产周期的关系模型模拟优化共得5151套基质组合方案,其中生产周期最短为18 d,共1335套方案,体积分数范围分别为：0≤x1(稻糠)≤90%,10%≤x2(污泥堆肥)≤30%,0≤x3(蛭石)≤84%；因此,以稻糠、蛭石和污泥堆肥等开发高质量碱茅草无土草坪栽培基质是完全可行的。