玉米须总皂苷对肥胖大鼠脂肪组织中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ和细胞死亡诱导DFFA样效应蛋白A表达的影响

摘要

目的 探讨分析玉米须总皂苷对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠血脂是否有调节作用,并研究其脂肪组织中过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(PPAR)γ和细胞死亡诱导DFFA样效应蛋白A(CIDEA)的表达特点.方法 将40只SPF级SD雄性大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常对照组(正常饮食+1 mL·kg -1·d-10.9% 氯化钠注射液灌胃)、模型对照组(高脂饮食+1 mL·kg -1·d-10.9% 氯化钠注射液灌胃)、玉米须总皂苷低剂量治疗组(高脂饮食+100 mg·kg -1·d-1玉米须总皂苷灌胃)和玉米须总皂苷高剂量(高脂饮食+200 mg·kg -1·d-1玉米须总皂苷灌胃),高脂饮食12周造模,治疗12周后,称量大鼠体质量,检测血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)的变化特点,苏木精-伊红(HE)染色观察脂肪细胞病理学,实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应和蛋白质印迹法检测脂肪组织中PPARγ和CIDEA的表达特点.结果 在整个治疗期间,各组大鼠精神活动和日常情况并没有明显差异;从治疗开始,模型对照组大鼠体质量就明显高于正常对照组(P<0.05),玉米须总皂苷治疗4周后开始逐渐降低,直到治疗12周后玉米须总皂苷低剂量和高剂量组则明显低于模型对照组(P<0.05);与正常对照组相比,模型对照组甘油三酯、总胆固醇和HDL-C明显升高(P<0.05),LDL-C明显降低(P<0.05);与模型对照组相比,玉米须总皂苷治疗后甘油三酯、总胆固醇和 HDL-C明显降低(P<0.05),而LDL-C则明显升高(P<0.05);HE染色正常组脂肪细胞大小均一,模型组脂肪细胞明显膨胀,而玉米须总皂苷治疗后,脂肪颗粒明显缩小;与正常对照组相比,模型对照组大鼠脂肪组织中 PPARγ和CI-DEA蛋白和mRNA 表达明显降低(P<0.05),与模型对照组相比,玉米须总皂苷治疗后PPARγ和CIDEA 明显升高(P<0.05).结论 玉米须总皂苷对高脂饮食诱导的肥胖大鼠体质量具有明显的降低作用,其作用机制可能是通过提高脂肪组织中PPARγ和CIDEA的表达实现的.%Objective To investigate the effect of total saponins of maize on the blood lipids in obese rats in-duced by high fat diet,and to study the expression of PPARγ and CIDEA in adipose tissue.Methods 40 SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group(normal diet+1 mL·kg -1·d-1normal saline),model group(high fat diet+ 1 mL · kg -1· d-1normal saline),low dose(High fat diet+ 100 mg · kg -1· d-1total saponins of maize)and high dose of total saponins of maize group(high fat diet + 200 mg · kg -1· d-1total saponins of maize).After the model(12 weeks)was successfully established,rats were received corresponding treatment(12 weeks),then they were sacrificed,and the total cholesterol,triglyceride,low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were detected.In addition,the mRNA and proteins of PPARγ and CIDEA(in adipose tissue)was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.Results During the entire process of treatment,there were no significant difference in each group for the daily routine;For the body weight,the rats in the model group were significantly higher than the rats in the normal control group(P<0.05).After 4 weeks of treatment,the body weight in the total saponins of maize treatment group were lowered,but they did not achieve statistical significance,until 12 weeks were significantly lowed the model group(P< 0.05).Compared with the normal group,the model group in the levels of triglyceride,total cholesterol and HDL-C were significant-ly lower(P<0.05),LDL-C was significantly increased(P<0.05),Compared with the model group,the levels of triglyceride,total cholesterol and HDL-C were significantly decreased in the total saponins of maize groups (P<0.05).HE staining showed that the size of fat cells was uniform in the normal group,and it was significantly expanded in the model group,while they were reduced after treated with total saponins of maize.Compared with the normal group,the PPARγ and CIDEA protein and mRNA expression of the adipose tissue in the model group were significantly lower than those in the normal group(P<0.05),they were significantly increased after the to-tal saponins of maize treated(P<0.05)Conclusion The total saponins of maize have a significant effect on the body weight of obese rats induced by high fat diet.The mechanism may be related with that it can improve the ex-pression of PPARγ and CIDEA in adipose tissue.