原油污染对2,4—二硝基甲苯在水—土壤界面间迁移的影响

摘要

为掌握原油污染影响有机物及重金属离子在土壤中迁移转化情况,通过研究2,4-二硝基甲苯在新疆原油开采区土壤中的吸附作用,初步分析了原油污染对其在土壤中吸附机理的影响。研究结果表明,当水中2,4-二硝基甲苯浓度较低时（〈10%水溶解度）,其在低原油含量污染土壤中的吸附系数值略小于未污染土壤,吸附作用主要包括土壤有机质的分配作用及矿物质表面吸附作用,其中矿物质表面吸附作用占主导地位;而在高原油含量污染土壤中的吸附系数远大于未污染土壤,原油污染减弱了2,4-二硝基甲苯在土壤中的迁移能力,且吸附系数增大值与原油含量呈良好的线性正相关,土壤中原油单独相对有机物的分配作用在吸附机理中渐居主导地位。%The sorption of 2,4-dinitrotoluene on soil collected from crude-oil exploiting area in Xinjiang was investigated to study the influence of crude oil on the sorption mechanism.Results indicated that the sorption coefficients of 2,4-dinitrotoluene on soil contaminated with low content of crude oil were a bit lower than that on uncontaminated soil,and the sorption mechanism included partition of organic matter and adsorption on the surface of minerals in soil whilst the latter one played a leading role.However,the sorption coefficients of 2,4-dinitrotoluene on soil contaminated with high content of crude oil were much higher than that on uncontaminated soil,and the increment of sorption coefficients was positively correlated to the crude oil content in soil.The translocation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene could be declined by the contamination of crude oil in soil,and the partition of crude oil in soil appeared to be gradually dominated in the sorption mechanism.