伴随着全球生态学研究的深入，如果孤立的研究地上或者是地下生态系统，必然会导致在生态系统研究过程中出现一些致命的不足。为了准确理解全球气候变化下陆地生态系统结构及功能的动态和响应过程，我们必须有机结合地上和地下生态系统，从整体上认识生态系统功能与过程的本质。一般来说地上生态系统对地下生态系统的影响包括两个部分：首先，植被是土壤生物赖以生存的有机营养物和能源的重要来源，植被通过影响土壤含水量、温度、通气性、pH值及有机碳和氮的水平而影响土壤生物区系；此外，植物根际是受植物根系影响的土壤区域。而根系及其分泌物可为微生物提供生长基质和有利的生长环境。地下生态系统对地上生态系统的影响主要是通过直接作用于根系，或通过改变养分的矿化速率及其在土壤中的空间分布，改变植物根际的激素状况以及土壤环境等间接作用方式，对地上植被产生正、负反馈作用。因此地上生态系统与地下生态系统存在着不可分割的相互联系，通过结合地上和地下生态系统，来研究全球变化下的陆地生态系统必将成为21世纪生态学研究的主流之一。%With in-depth study of global ecology,it will lead to some fatal shortage in the course of ecological system research if isolated the aboveground or underground ecosystems. In order to understand the dynamics and process of terrestrial ecosystem'structure and function accurately,we must combine the aboveground or underground ecosystems to explore the nature of ecosystem function and process. On the one hand,the effect of aboveground on underground ecosystem include two parts,first,vegetation is the source of organic nutrients and energy that is very essential for the survival of soil organisms,they often affected soil biota by soil moisture,temperate,aeration,pH,organic carbon and nitrogen. Moreover,rhizosphere is soil zone that affected by plant root,root and their secretions provide growth substrate and a favorable growth environment for microorgamism. On the other hand,the effect of underground on aboveground ecosystem could impose direct or indirect and positive or negative feedbacks on aboveground biology by altering rates of nutrient mineralization and the spatial distribution of nutrient availability,rhizospheric hormones and the soil environment. Therefore,there is a mutual feedbacks between aboveground and underground processes. Under the background of global change,combine the aboveground and underground ecosystem to study the terrestrial ecosystems will be popular in ecological research in the 21th.
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