【目的】基于重点国有林区微观调查数据，实证分析重点国有林区各项改革对林区就业的影响，为重点国有林区改革政策调整提供参考。【方法】运用统计学方法分析重点国有林区劳动力就业行业、部门以及区域的变化，采用计量经济学方法定量考察各项改革对林区就业的影响。【结果】重点国有林区各项改革对林区就业产生了显著影响，林区内劳动力对林业和国有部门的依赖程度逐渐下降，就业区域也不断向外扩展。其中，森林资源承包管护责任制，通过林地所有权和经营权的分离，促进了劳动力在林业行业和国有部门就业比重的上升；市场化手段组织林业生产，对劳动力在林业行业就业有促进作用；加工企业转制，明显推动劳动力从国有部门流向非国有部门；一次性安置富余职工，促使劳动力逐渐流向非林业行业，就业区域也不断向林业局外扩展。【结论】重点国有林区各项改革使林区就业格局发生了明显变化，活跃的劳动力市场已经初步建立，发挥市场在林区就业中的作用是未来体制改革的重要方向。%Objective]Based on the micro survey data of key state-owned forestry area,this paper analyzed the impacts of state-owned forestry region reform on the changes in employment,which would provide a useful reference for the policy of key state-owned forestry region. [Method]We described the changes of industries, departments and aspects of employment in state-owned forestry region by statistical methods. Furthermore,we applie an econometric model to estimate the effect of state-owned forestry reforms on the employments.[Result]The reforms have already produced significant effect on employment in key state-owned forestry region. The dependence of labors on the state and forestry departments have gradually decreased. The field of employment has been widened. The responsibility system in forestry management and protection promoted an increasing employment rate in state and forestry departments by separating ownership from managerial authority. Market-oriented forestry production has played a positive role in promoting the forestry employment. Restructuring of processing enterprises has promoted the labor force from the state departments to the non-state departments. Buying out the length of services has promoted the labor force flowing to non-forestry industry,and extended the field of employment.[Conclusion]The structure of employment has changed in key state-owned forest region,and a new labor market has been formed. The role of market in the employment will be an important direction for system reform in the future.
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