欧洲专利保险制度：发展、困境及启示

摘要

To solve innovation obstruction problem ,European patent system has been going into a reform track ,and be-cause of its function and role ,patent insurance system also has become one part of it .After long time researching ,CJA Consultants put forward two reports in 2003 and 2006 commissioned by EU ,and concluded the compulsory patent insur-ance was feasible .But it met with strong opposition ,and can not be practiced .Denmark has been running Patent Enforcer which totally was operated by private insurance companies these year .And it has been spreaded into three other countries . This is a new option for Europe to choose .During the period of changing patent law ,China should sum up European expe-riences and lessons ,and persist patent system's principle of innovation promotion .Combining with the condition and real-ity in our country ,we should establish patent insurance system in a way of linking government ,insurance companies and enterprises .%为了解决阻碍创新等问题，欧洲专利制度进入到改革轨道，专利保险制度因其功能和作用而成为其中一环。经过长时间的调查研究，受欧盟委托的CJA 咨询公司先后于2003、2006年提出两份报告，制定了强制专利保险方案，但遭到强烈反对，至今无法推进。丹麦近年实行的 PatentEnforcer 完全由私营保险公司运作，已推广到其它3个国家，为欧洲提供了一个新的选择。我国在修改《专利法》的过程中，应当总结欧洲的经验教训，坚持专利制度促进创新的原则，结合我国国情，采用政府、保险公司、企业等齐头并进的方式构建专利保险制度。