利用在线大气与气溶胶检测系统(MARGA)仪器在线观测资料,分析了南京北郊春季大气水溶性离子浓度时间变化特征、水溶性离子之间相关性及其影响因子,为外绝缘设备污秽放电现象和放电机理研究、防污闪措施的制定提供有效参考.结果表明:①水溶性离子浓度顺序为NO-3>SO2-4>NH+4>K+>Cl->Mg2+>Na+>Ca2+,NO-3、SO2-4、NH+4是水溶性离子的主要成分;白天水溶性离子浓度大于夜间离子浓度,且白天离子浓度变幅大于夜间离子浓度变幅.②主要水溶性离子之间具有较好的同源性,水溶性离子中阴离子主要与NH+4结合;水溶性离子主要为细粒子,且NO-3、SO2-4、NH+4、Cl-对空气污染影响较大.③风速和风频越大,风对水溶性离子的稀释作用越强,离子浓度下降越快;降水对水溶性离子具有清除作用,沉降率随降水量、持续时间的增大而增大;二次离子的主要生成方式是液相氧化反应;湿润空气有利于Cl-、Na+、K+、Mg2+溶解,增大离子浓度,但使Ca2+浓度减小;温度升高有利于离子扩散.%Using the in line MARGA observation instrument,the characteristics and the correlation of water-sol-uble ions as well as influential factors of water-soluble ion mass concentration on atmospheric particles in Spring in Nanjing is monitored. It will provide effective reference for the external insulation equipment pollution discharge phenomenon and discharge mechanism research and anti-pollution flash measures. The results show as follows.① Water soluble ions concentration is in the order of NO-3>SO2-4 >NH+4>K+>Cl- >Mg2+>Na+>Ca2+,and NO-3、SO2-4、NH+4are the main components;both the concentration and changing magnitude of water-soluble ions in daytime are greater than those in nighttime. ② Correlation analysis of ions between the three kinds of main ions have greater homology,and the water anionic ions are mainly combined with NH+4,water-soluble ions are mainly for fine particles,and NO-3,SO2-4,NH+4,Cl-are worse on the air pollution. ③The wind speed and wind frequency is bigger,the stronger effect of wind is on the dilution of water soluble ions,and the ion concentration is decreased more quickly;precipitation has scavenging effect on water soluble ion sedimentation rate increased with precipitati-on and duration increasing;the main way to generate ions is the reaction in liquid phase oxidation;wet air is in fa-vor of Cl-,Na+,K+,Mg2+dissolved,increasing the concentration of ions,but the Ca2+concentration decreased;the increasing temperature is conducive to the ion diffusion.
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