北京市道路沉积物的粒径分布及其污染特性研究

摘要

城市地表沉积物是雨水径流污染物的主要来源之一,选择北京市不同功能区道路作为研究对象,研究不同功能区道路沉积物的粒径分布和污染特性.研究结果表明:不同功能区沉积物粒径分布和单位粒幅粒径分布存在较大差异.其中,广场和居住区单位粒幅粒径分布呈现从小粒径到大粒径逐渐降低的趋势,其他功能区下垫面粒径分布和单位粒幅粒径分布呈现出的规律为:主干道道路与商业区类似,公园与学校类似.污染负荷方面,不同功能区沉积物污染负荷量大小变化顺序为:主干道道路＞居住区＞商业区＞公园＞学校＞广场,同时城市主干道沉积物污染负荷呈现明显空间分布特征,从城市中心区向郊区呈现逐渐升高的趋势.通过上述研究,以期为城市雨水径流污染控制和土地规划管理提供科学支撑.%Urban surface sediment is one of the main sources of stormwater runoff pollutants,Choose the different functional areas road of Beijing as the research object,research the sediment particle size distribution and pollution characteristics in different road.The results showed that:There is a big difference about sediment size distribution and size distribution per width from the different fuction areas.The distribution of size distribution per width in square and residential area increased gradually from small size to big size.The distribution regularities of other fuction areas is that:road is similar to commercial area,park is similar to school.In terms of pollution loads,the size of the pollution loads change order in different functional areas is urban main road ＞ residential area ＞ commercial area ＞ park ＞ school ＞ square,meanwhile,the sediment pollution loads of urban main road presents spatial distribution characteristics obviously.From the city to the suburbs showed a trend of rising.Through the research to provide scientific support for urban stormwater runoff pollution controlling and the land planning.