“李约瑟问题”辨析兼评“陈方正-余英时方案”

摘要

'Needham Problem' is analyzed in different senses. As to 'Strong Needham Problem' , I endorse 'Chen Fongching-Yu Yingshih Solution' , which is to eliminate it; as to 'Weak Needham Problem' and 'Ren Hongjun Problem' , I think that they should be retained. On the basis of differentiation between 'the broad concept of science' and 'the narrow concept of science' , I put forward 'Ren Hongjun- Needham Problem' . Finally I discuss the problem of the period of 'the first scientific revolution' .%将“李约瑟问题”从不同的意义上进行分析，对于“强李约瑟问题”本文赞同“陈方正-余英时方案”，将其消解掉。对于“弱李约瑟问题”和“任鸿隽问题”则加以保留。在区分“广义科学”和“狭义科学”的基础上提出“任鸿隽-李约瑟问题”。此外，明确了科学的两个基本特征即数学化和实验性，据此对“第一次科学革命”之时段的问题进行讨论。