河南省“三区两线”露天开采矿山治理技术措施研究

摘要

河南省“三区两线”直观可视范围2 km 之内的矿山为463个，其中，露天开采矿山382个，占总数的82.5%。矿山露天开采引发的矿山地质环境问题为土地资源损毁、地貌景观破坏，治理主要技术措施有边坡稳定性治理技术和矿山生态恢复技术，其中，边坡稳定性治理技术有坡率法、削方减载、挂网支护、锚杆（索）加固、锚杆（索）挡墙支护、锚喷支护、重力式挡墙支护等；矿山生态恢复技术有喷播法、鱼鳞坑法、藤蔓植物法、高大乔木遮挡法、植生带或植生袋法、平整复垦法、堆土袋法、原生植物移植法、平台种植法、自然复绿法等。%there are 463 mines with intuitive visual range within 2 km in “Two-wire and three-zone” of Henan province, among which, there are 382 open pit mines, accounting for 82.5% of the total. Environment problems caused by Opencast mines are geological damage of land resources, landscape destruction. The main technical measures are slope stability control technology and mine ecological recovery technology, in which, the slope stability control technology has slope rate method, cut the lightening, hanging net, anchor rod (rope) strengthening, anchor rod (rope) retaining wall support, anchoring and shotcreting support, gravity retaining wall, etc.; Mine ecological restoration technology has spray seeding, and scale-hole, vine, tall trees shade, vegetative belt or vegetative bag, flat reclamation, pile soil bag method, native plants grafting, platform planting method, the natural recover method, etc.