文章结合青岛某地的波浪发电系统,研发了一种新型的超低比转速混流式水轮机.通过对水轮机全流道进行三维定常不可压缩湍流流场的数值模拟,分析了不同导叶、不同出水边叶片转轮及不同尾水管锥度对水轮机性能的影响,在满足某地波浪发电系统设计的要求下,通过数值模拟的方式,设计出合适的波浪发电系统专用水轮机.模拟计算结果表明:在设计转速为180 r/min时,水轮机出力和效率均满足波浪发电系统的要求;在设计工况下,尾水管内涡与尾水管中心线接近同轴,确保了水轮机的运行稳定性;在全年波高的变化范围内,设计的波浪发电水轮机具有良好的水力特性和运行稳定性,适合波浪发电波动大的特点.%In this paper, the author developed a new type of extreme low specific speed Francis turbine, based on the experimental wave-energy generation system in Qingdao. In order to meet the requirements of a wave power system, the numerical simulation of three -dimensional steady incompressible turbulent flow field is presented. The paper analyzes the influence of different guide vanes, different water outlet blades, runner and the taper of different draft pipes on the performance of the optimized Francis turbine and designs a suitable Francis turbine for the wave power generation system. The simulation results show that when the design speed is 180 r/min, the output power and efficiency of the turbine meet the requirement. The draft tube vortex and the tail pipe center line are close to the coaxial in the design conditions, which ensures the stability of the turbine operation. On the basis above, the optimized design Francis turbine has good hydraulic characteristics and operation stability to satisfied the characteristics of high power fluctuations.
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