面向用户需求的电动汽车充电站最优规划模型研究

摘要

An optimal planning model for charging station was proposed that takes the convenience of users' trip and the benefit of operator into account. In addition, the model has a view to satisfying the travel demand and behavior characteristics of users. Simultaneously,the improved immune genetic algorithm was utilized to solve the planning problem. Moreover, the feasibility of the proposed model and method are verified on MATLAB simulation through a case study taking an urban area as an example. Results show that the derived scheme for charging station construction can effectively shorten the detour distance and reduce the time of the charging process. Meanwhile, the operators can get higher revenues in the premise of improving the utilization rate and the coverage fraction.%考虑到用户出行的便捷和充电站运营商的利益,提出一种电动汽车充电站最优规划模型.该模型充分考虑电动汽车用户的出行需求和选择决策行为,同时还给出基于改进的免疫遗传算法的模型求解算法.以某市城区为例,利用MATLAB仿真,验证模型及算法的有效性.研究结果表明,由该模型求得的充电站建设方案能够有效地减少用户充电过程中的绕行距离,缩短耗费的时间,保证充电站的利用率及覆盖率;同时,还能提高充电站运营商的收益.