大黄鱼和许氏平鱼由声反射特征与体重和体长关系的研究

摘要

以黄、渤海、东海主要养殖鱼类许氏平鲉和大黄鱼为研究对象,在消声水池中选用KF-668双屏彩色探渔仪等仪器,在50、200 kHz工作频率下对研究对象目标强度及背向反射声截面与体重和体长的关系进行研究.试验结果显示,体重和体长均可用做定量表述上述两种鱼类目标强度的参数.TS大黄鱼在50kHz频率下身体各向目标强度值介于-32.85～-58.01dB;200kHz频率下身体各向目标强度介于-29.3～-56.99 dB.TS许氏平鲉在50 kHz频率下身体各向目标强度值介于-31.74～-75.87 dB;200kHz频率下身体各向目标强度介于-31.74～-74.75 dB.大黄鱼和许氏平鲉身体各向目标强度大小为TS侧向＞TS背向＞TS头向＞TS尾向.50 kHz:TS大黄鱼=24.8 1og L(cm)-73.9(侧向);200 kHz:TS大黄鱼=23.9 1og L(cm)-71.3(侧向).50 kHz:TS许氏平鲉=25.7 1og L(cm)-69.16(侧向);200 kHz:TS许氏平鲉=26.4 1og L(cm)-70.8(侧向).试验结果为声学水下监测仪器的设计提供数据支持.%The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between target strength (TS), dorsal-aspect reflections section and weight, body length of yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea (Pc) and black rockfish Sebastes schlegeli (Ss). The results showed that both the weight and body length had the quantitative relationship with the target strength. At 50 kHz, the target strength of different body parts of Pc was between -32. 85 and -58. 01 dB; at 200 kHz, it was -29.3～56. 99 dB. For the Ss, it was -31.74～-75.87 dB, and -31. 74～-74. 75 dB, respectively. At both 50 kHz and 200 kHz, the TS of the fish belly was maximal and that of the fish tail was minimal. The correlation between the mean lateral TS and the length was positive, for both 50kHz and 200 kHz. At 50 kHz： TSPc=24.8 logL (cm) -73.9(side direction) ; at 200 kHz：TSPc=23.9 logL (cm)-71.3(side direction), and at 50 kHz: TSs =25.7 logL (cm) -69.16 (side direction) ; at 200 kHz: TSSs=26. 4 logL (cm)-70.8 (side direction). The results of the experiments are expected to provide data support for the design of underwater acoustic monitoring instruments.