To optimize recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), we performed a water-quality detection experiment to study the effect of clearance rates of ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solids (SS) by a biological filter in RAS under conditions of ammonia nitrogen and dissolved oxygen load. The experimental results for ammonia nitrogen load showed that the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the inlet water had a significant effect on the ammonia nitrogen (positive correlation) and COD (positive correlation) of the outlet water (P<0.01), and did not have a significant effect on SS. The optimal treatment effect of the water was observed when the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the inlet water was 0.45～0.65 mg/L (average clearance rates of ammonia nitrogen, COD, and SS were 82.1％±3.3％, 7.1％±1.5％, and 5.8％±1.6％). Experimental data for the dissolved oxygen load showed that dissolved oxygen concentration had a significant effect on ammonia nitrogen (negative correlation) and COD (negative correlation) treatment (P<0.05), and did not have a significant effect on SS. The optimal treatment effect of the water was observed when the dissolved oxygen concentration was 5.0～7.0 mg/L, (average clearance rate of ammonia nitrogen, COD, and SS were 78.7％±3.5％, 23.0％± 5.3％, and 7.1％±2.0％). Therefore, when the concentration of ammonia nitrogen is 0.45～0.65 mg/L, the concentration of dissolved oxygen is 5.0～7.0 mg/L. The treatment effect of ammonia nitrogen, COD, and SS is optimized by the coral biofilter of RAS in this experimental environment.%为了建立优化的循环海水养殖系统,采用水质国标检测方法分析了珊瑚石生物滤池在不同氨氮和溶解氧(DO)负荷实验条件下对养殖废水中氨氮、化学耗氧量(COD)及颗粒悬浮物(SS)的处理效果.结果显示,进水氨氮浓度对出水氨氮(正相关)、COD(正相关)均有极显著的影响(P<0.01),对SS处理效果影响不显著.当进水氨氮浓度为0.45～0.65 mg/L时,滤池对水体处理效果最优(氨氮平均清除率为82.1％±3.3％;COD平均清除率为7.1％±1.5％;SS平均清除率为5.8％±1.6％).DO浓度对水体氨氮(负相关)和COD(负相关)处理效果的影响显著(P<0.05),对SS处理效果影响不显著.DO浓度为5.0～7.0 mg/L时,水体处理效果最优(氨氮平均清除率为78.7％±3.5％;COD平均清除率为23.0％±5.3％;SS平均清除率为7.1％±2.0％).因此,本实验环境下的循环海水养殖系统珊瑚石生物滤池在氨氮浓度为0.45～0.65 mg/L,DO浓度为5.0～7.0 mg/L时,对水体中的氨氮、COD、SS的综合处理效果最优.
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