Nowadays,lightweight technology of heavy pressure vessel is regarded as an important measure for resource conservation in production all over the world. The research progress of lightweight technology of heavy pressure vessels in China is introduced in this paper in three aspects. Firstly, Chinese government revised TSG R0004—2009 "Supervision Regulation on Safety Technology for Stationary Pressure Vessel" in 2009,where the safety factor of tensile strength in conventional design is reduced from 3. 0 to 2.7. Meanwhile,corresponding revision was also made to GB 150—2011"Pressure Vessels". The influence possibly brought by these adjustments on safety of pressure vessels is analyzed and associated resolutions are proposed in this paper. Secondly, the research progress of application of high strength steels in pressure vessel construction, the technical difficulties and their resolution ways are introduced. The typical case is introduced which is the application of 490 MPa grade high strength steel with low weld cracking sensitivity in the construction of large - sized cryogenic ethylene spherical tank. Finally, the research progress of strain strengthening technology for austenitic stainless steel is introduced,including the suitabilityrnof Chinese domestic steels and the effect of strain strengthening process on pressure vessel life and reliability.%重型压力容器轻量化是目前国际节约资源趋势下的重要举措.从三方面介绍了我国近年来在重型压力容器轻量化方面的相关研究进展.首先介绍了我国《固定式压力容器安全技术监察规程》关于强度安全系数调整的背景,以及我国GB 150-2011《压力容器》相应做出的修订情况(常规设计抗拉强度安全系数从3.0调整到2.7),分析了这些调整可能给压力容器安全带来的影响,并提出了解决方案；其次,介绍了我国压力容器用高强钢研究进展、存在的技术难点及解决途径,尤其是490 MPa级低焊接裂纹敏感性高强钢在大型低温乙烯球罐轻量化设计中的成功应用案例；第三,介绍了奥氏体不锈钢的应变强化技术研究进展,重点阐述了我国国产材料应变强化的适用性、应变强化工艺对压力容器寿命可靠性的影响.
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