光伏系统最大功率点跟踪算法的改进及应用

摘要

在光伏发电系统中需对光伏电池的最大功率点进行跟踪来提高系统的输出功率.这里以光伏电池输出非线性特性为切入点展开研究,分析常规电导增量法和自适应算法的优缺点,针对其最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)动态和稳态性能不佳及启动过程特性较差的问题,提出改进的MPPT算法.在Madab/Simulink下进行了建模和仿真,仿真结果表明该方法能迅速准确地跟踪太阳能电池的最大功率点,防止算法跟踪方向误判情况的发生,能有效提高光伏发电系统的输出功率,使光伏发电系统具有良好的动态和稳态特性,最后通过实验验证了该算法的有效性.%In order to improve the output efficiency of the photovoltaic (PV) power system, the PV power system must contain a maximum power point tracking(MPPT) function. Starting from the nonlinear characteristics of solar cell output,the traditional incremental conductance and adaptive algorithm are compared and analyzed,the advantages and weaknesses of the methods are pointed out. Aiming at solving the problems of bad characters during the MPPT power on and the low efficiency and the low stability of MPPT,a new improved MPPT method is proposed.Its model is established and simulated with Matlab/Simulink.Simulation results show that,the improved MPPT algorithm can quickly and accurately track the maximum power point of solar cells,avoid tracking error and enhance output efficiency. It improves the static and dynamic performance of PV power system.The experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.