焊接对压力容器强度的不良影响及设计对策

摘要

文章从压力容器焊接接头中焊缝金属的焊接缺陷、焊接接头的残余应力、热影响区组织和性能变化的三方面对压力容器强度的不良影响进行了研究分析,并在压力容器设计中给予考虑,提出了焊接接头系数选取、焊后消除残余应力热处理等相应的对策.还讨论了焊接接头系数的选取原则及封头焊接接头系数的取值问题.%This paper studies and analyzes the negative influence of welding on the strength of the pressure vessel from three aspects including welding defects in weld metal of the welding joint, residual stress of the welding joint and the changes in HAZ structures and properties. These aspects should be taken into consideration when designing pressure vessel. The paper also puts forward some corresponding countermeasures for the selection of the welding joint coefficient and heat treatment to remove residual stress after welding. It discusses the principles for the selection of welding joint coefficient and the determination of the welding joint coefficient value of the heads as well.