船用星敏感器天体的跟踪辨识

摘要

为保证船用星敏感器载体姿态连续测量的高精度和高效率,通过对当前天体自动辨识算法的研究与分析,提出并实现一种基于天体目标连续跟踪处理的天体自动辨识技术.首先,根据星图采集周期、天体视运动速度和舰船姿态变化等因素,分析了船用星敏感器摄取的连续星图间的差别特征;然后,以连续两帧星图的关联信息为依据构建星图特征数组,通过区域搜索、斜率值与灰度值比对等方法建立了天体跟踪辨识模式;最后,介绍了天体跟踪辨识模式中区域搜索半径的解算方法.实验结果表明:天体连续跟踪辨识技术在保证天体辨识精度的前提下,平均单帧星图辨识时间为124 ms,仅为传统辨识方法用时的1/8.有效地提高了船用星敏感器天体辨识效率和载体姿态动态测量效率.%In order to guarantee the high precision and high efficiency of the continuous measurement for the carrier attitude of the ship-borne star sensor,through researching and analyzing the automatic identification algorithm of the current celestial body,an automatic identification technology of the celestial body based on continuous tracking processing of the celestial body was proposed and realized.Firstly,according to the acquisition cycle of the star map,apparent movement of the celestial body,attitude variation of the ship and other factor,distinctive features among continuous star maps shot by the ship-borne star sensor were analyzed.Then,on the basis of the associated information about continuous two frames of star maps,the feature array of the star map was established;through region searching,slope value,comparison of gray value,and other methods,the tracking identification mode of the celestial body was established;Finally,the solving method of the radius for region searching in the tracking identification mode of the celestial body was introduced.The experimental result shows:on the premise of ensuring the identification accuracy of the celestial body,the identification time for the average single frame of the star map for the continuous tracking identification technology of the celestial body is 124 ms,which is 1/8 of identification time for the traditional identification method.The identification efficiency of the ship-borne star sensor and the dynamic measurement efficient of the carrier attitude is effectively improved.