工作为本学习：突破终身学习立交桥瓶颈

摘要

Establishment ofan overpass oflifelong learning is a significant measure in lifelong education system in China.Formulating a qualifications framework was included in the 1 3 th Five-year Plan for Economic and Social Development ofthe People’s Republic ofChina in 201 6.However,we are faced with a series ofchallenges in imple-mentation ofqualifications framework because ofuncompleted vocational education and continuing education frame-work.The purpose ofthis paper is to introduce and analyze work-based learning from school to postgraduate levels, which is the major vocational education and continuing education forms in qualifications framework in foreign coun-tries.There are several parts in this paper,including the barrier ofestablishing a qualifications framework in consider-ing ofcurrent vocational education and continuing education system,work-based learning in vocational education sys-tem and its position in qualifications framework in foreign countries,case studies ofmaster ofprofessional practice, which is equivalent to academic master degree and professional degree in qualifications framework,in UK.It hopes that the work-based learning experience could be learned in order to provide all levels ofvocational education and con-tinuing education opportunities,in parallel with conventional education framework,to students and adults in national qualifications framework and finally realize a lifelong learning society.%搭建终身学习立交桥是我国建立终身教育体系的一项重大举措，制订各级各类教育之间衔接和沟通的国家资历框架写进了国家十三五规划纲要。然而，要建立完善的国家资历框架，我们面临着一系列挑战，尤其是职业教育和继续教育存在尚不完善的瓶颈。本文旨在描述和分析国外资历框架中以工作为本学习为主要模式的职业教育和继续教育。文章分四个部分。第一部分描述我国搭建终身学习立交桥的迫切性，分析建立资历框架中面临的职业教育和继续教育系列的障碍。第二部分描述国外资历框架中主要采用工作为本学习的职业教育系列和继续教育系列，包括工作为本的中学教育到工作为本的研究生层次教育。第三部分以英国为例，阐述资历框架中工作为本学习的研究生层次教育，这是专门为职业教育领域的在职人士提供研究生层次的继续教育，称为专业实践硕士，与普通高校开设的学术硕士和专业硕士属同一资历级别。第四部分是讨论和结论。作者提出，要建立终身学习立交桥，需要制订和清晰资历框架中从属的职业教育系列和继续教育系列子框架，并与普通教育系列衔接，各类子框架都应有高层次的资历级别，以最终实现各类各类教育之间纵向衔接和横向沟通的终身学习立交桥。