虚拟现实技术教育应用的潜力、进展与挑战

摘要

The year 2016 is dubbed as “The Prelude ofthe Virtual Reality Era”with the number ofentrepreneur teams engaging in the field ofvirtual reality registering an explosive growth.However,VR application in education, especially in K-12 education,lags far more behind the development ofindustrial technology.In practice,VR applica-tion in education means an array ofpractical tasks overturning traditional teaching concepts and pedagogics.For edu-cation technology researchers,they should first recognize the potential ofthe application ofVR and visualization tech-nology in education in a rational way,and conduct in-depth analysis on the status quo ofthe application ofVR and visualization technology in education,with which they can reflect upon the challenges from the perspective ofeduca-tion.By analyzing the VRSC Model,this research assumes that the potential ofVR technology application in educa-tion roots in its advantages in triggering learning motive,enhancing learning experience,building the sense ofmental immersion and realizing situated learning and knowledge transfer;currently VR technology application in education is largely concentrated in four facets including the support oflearning environment creation,professional skills training, language learning and exceptional child education;finally,it stipulates the challenges facing VR application in edu-cation from the aspects oftechnology and pedagogics.%2016年被称为“虚拟现实元年”产业领域中投身虚拟现实的创业团队呈爆发式增长。教育尤其是基础教育领域，虚拟现实技术的应用还远远滞后于产业技术的发展。实际上，虚拟现实技术的教育应用意味着一系列优化传统教学观念和教学法的行动课题。教育技术的研究者需要理性认识虚拟现实教育应用的潜力，深入分析虚拟现实技术教育应用的现状，着重从教育视角反思存在的挑战。本研究在分析虚拟现实情境认知模型（VRSC Model）基础上认为，虚拟现实技术教育应用的潜力源于其在激发学习动机、增强学习体验、创设心理沉浸感、实现情境学习和知识迁移等方面的优势；虚拟现实技术教育应用目前主要集中在虚拟现实支持学习环境创设、支持技能实训、支持语言学习、支持特殊儿童教育等四大方面；文章最后从技术和教学法两方面分析了虚拟现实技术教育应用面临的挑战。