一种用于井下钻具旋转中动态方位测量的新方法

摘要

In order to measure the gravity tool face in a real time and accurate manner during continuous rotation of down-hole drill string, this paper describes the basic parameters of track of hole attitude and basic principle of sensor to measure the attitude parameters in petroleum drilling; focuses on the structure of common directional sensor to measure the hole attitudes and measured parameters; provides a method for dynamic direction measurement while drill string rotation; analyzes in detail how to calculate the angle difference between the magnetic tool face and gravity tool face theoretically based on a principle of vector rotation, and the accuracy of calculation method is veriifed by experimental results. This method effectively overcomes the disadvantages of the large error in conventional grav-ity tool face measurements .This paper provides a measurement solution for tool face measurement during rotary steerable tool develop-ing and continuous rotation of drilling tool.%为了在井下钻具连续旋转过程中实时准确测量出重力工具面，介绍了石油钻探中描述井眼姿态的轨迹基本参数以及如何实现测量姿态参数的传感器基本原理，着重介绍了井眼姿态测量常用的定向传感器结构及所测量的参数，提出在旋转导向钻进中钻具连续旋转时动态重力工具面的测量方法，重点分析了利用矢量旋转的方法，从理论上推导计算磁工具面与重力工具面差角的过程，并通过试验的方法验证了算法的准确。该方法有效地克服了钻具连续旋转时传统测量实时重力工具面误差偏大的缺点，为实现旋转导向测控系统的自主研制和钻具连续旋转时工具面测量提供了一种测量方案。