胶州湾网采浮游植物群落结构的长期变化

摘要

依据20世纪80年代以来胶州湾浮游植物的调查资料,系统分析网采浮游植物群落的长期变化特征。结果表明,自1981年以来,胶州湾浮游植物总量呈现增加的趋势,但空间分布格局没有发生明显改变。胶州湾的浮游植物优势种组成发生改变,洛氏角毛藻、密联角毛藻、波状石鼓藻、叉角藻与梭角藻等成为近5年来新的优势种。胶州湾浮游植物优势类群数量的长期变化趋势表明,中肋骨条藻、角毛藻等小型链状硅藻数量呈现增加趋势,波状石鼓藻等暖水性种类的数量持续升高,甲藻类浮游植物数量升高、分布范围扩大,表明胶州湾浮游植物群落对气候变化和人类活动的综合影响已经做出响应。%Based on survey data collected using plankton net from the 1980＇s in the Jiaozhou bay,long-term changes of the phytoplankton community were analyzed in this study.The results indicated that total abundance of phytoplankton started increasing since 1981,and the increase was evident since 2000,especially in winter.However,there were no distinct changes in the spatial distribution patterns.The dominant phytoplankton species also changed in recent years.Some phytoplankton species,including Guinardia striata,Rhizosolenia alata f.Indica,and Hemiaulus sinensis,which were once dominant before the 1990＇s,lost their dominance after 2000.The new dominant species,including Chaetoceros lorenzianus,Chaetoceros densus,Lithodesmium undulatus,Ceratium furca,and Ceratium fusus,appeared in the past five years.The long-term changes of the dominant species revealed that the small chained diatoms such as Skeletonema costatum and Chaetoceros sp.,the warm water species such as Lithodesmium undulatus,and the dinoflagellates such as Ceratium furca and Ceratium fusus,increased dramatically in the past 30 years,indicating that the phytoplankton community had changed in response to the impacts of climate change and human activities in the Jiaozhou Bay.