凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)亲虾繁殖期水体微生物多样性

摘要

To understand the microbial diversity in aquaculture waters of male and female Litopenaeus vannamei broodstock during breeding,we compared the difference in bacterial community structure with Illumina HiSeq sequencing,and analyzed two hypervariable regions (V3 and V4) of bacterial 16S rRNA gene with the alpha-and beta-typed diversity indices.The results show that among α-typed diversity indices,Chaol,ACE and Goods-coverage indices showed no significant difference in the aquaculture water of male and females;however,the observed-species,Shannon and Simpson index were significantly different.In addition,some differences were revealed in the bacterial communities in aquaculture water between the two genders in principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and sample clustering of heatmap.Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes dominated in both genders;however,the relative abundance differed.In male community,the relative abundances were 76.15％ and 21.28％,whereas in the female were 66.01％ and 29.02％,respectively.The male and female communities featured with own specific core microbe members.In male shrimp aquaculture water,the core genus included Glaciecola,Octadecabacter,Methylobacterium,Psychroserpens,and Olleya,while those of the female were Pseudomonas,Polaribacter,Pseudoalteromonas,Vibrio,Arcobacter,Synechococcus,Hyphomonas,Paracoccus,HTCC,Thalassomonas,Thalassobius,Owenweeksia,etc.,of which Vibrio,Pseudomonas and Owenweeksia are pathogennic genus.These results shall be important to broodstock breeding,disease diagnosis,and preventive treatment in L.vannamei aquaculture.%为了揭示凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)繁殖期亲虾养殖水体的微生物多样性,我们比较了雌雄虾养殖水体细菌群落结构差异,采用Illumina HiSeq高通量测序方法对凡纳滨对虾亲虾养殖水体细菌的16S rRNA基因的两个高变区(V3-V4)进行测序分析,并进行了α-多样性指数和β-多样性指数分析.结果表明:雌雄虾养殖水体细菌群落的α-多样性指数中Chao1,ACE和Goods-coverage指数无显著差异(P＞0.05),而Observed-species,Shannon和Simpson指数有显著性差异(P＜0.05).主坐标分析和聚类热图分析表明雌雄虾养殖水体的细菌群落结构不同,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)为两者共同的优势菌门,但其相对丰度有一定差异,在雄虾养殖池水体中相对丰度分别为76.15％和21.28％;在雌虾养殖池水体中相对丰度分别为66.01％和29.02％.两者的核心微生物群(属水平)明显不同,雄虾养殖水体的核心属主要包括Glaciecola、Octadecabacter、Methylobacterium、Psychroserpens、Olleya;雌虾养殖水体的核心属主要包括Pseudomonas、Polaribacter、Pseudoalteromonas、Vibrio、Arcobacter、Synechococcus、Hyphomonas、Paracoccus、HTCC、Thalassomonas、Thalassobius、Owenweeksia等, 其中包括了 Vibrio、Pseudomonas和Owenweeksia等病原相关菌类.该实验结果对凡纳滨对虾育苗阶段亲虾的健康管理、病害诊断及防治具有重要意义.