随着海洋强国战略的全面实施,海洋生态文明建设作为生态文明建设的重要组成部分已经上升为国家战略,绿色发展强调转变传统海洋经济发展方式,注重海洋资源保护和生态环境修复治理,是实现经济、社会、资源、环境协调发展的新型发展模式.海洋环境监测是认知海洋环境现状、保障海洋生态文明建设和海洋经济绿色发展的重要技术手段.文章论述了海洋生态文明和绿色发展的内涵,给出了海洋生态文明示范区(试验区)和海洋生态红线区两大海洋生态文明建设载体,重点论述了当前以海洋水质浮标、海洋水文气象浮标、波浪浮标、潮位站(验潮井)、高频地波雷达、Argo浮标等为主的海洋环境在线监测和海洋遥感监测技术手段.从构建"岸-海-岛""天空-海面-海底""点-线-面-层"立体化、全方位、实时监测系统,推进在线监测关键技术攻关及配套服务建设等方面进行了展望.%With the implementation of ocean developing strategy,as an important part of ecological civilization construction,the construction of marine ecological civilization has become a national-level strategy.Green development which emphasizes the transformation of traditional ma-rine economic development mode,focusing on the protection of marine resources and restorationof ecological environment is a new development model to achieve economic,social,resource and environmental coordinated and sustainable development.On-line monitoring is an important tech-nical means to recognize the present situation of marine environment,to ensure the construction of marine ecological civilization and the green development of marine economy.This paper dis-cussed the connotation of marine ecological civilization and green development,introduced marine ecological civilization demonstration areas and marine ecological redline regions,Marine remote sensing monitoring and the current marine environment on-line monitoring techniques,such as marine water quality buoy,marine hydro-meteorological buoy,wave buoy,tide station (tidal bore),HFGWR and Argo buoy.Construction of three-dimensional,omnidirectional,real-time on-line monitoring system of "shore-sea-island","sky-sea surface-seabed"and "point-line-surface-layer"were discussed.Furthermore,promoting key technologies of on-line monitoring and sup-porting service are the aspects that should be focused on in the future.
展开▼
