ICU护士对外科术后危重患者早期活动认知的质性研究

摘要

目的:探讨ICU护士对外科术后危重患者早期活动的真实体验.方法:2015年9月1~30日,以本院在职的ICU护士为研究对象,进行深度访谈,现场录音及笔录,访谈22人时资料饱和.运用Colaizzi的7步分析法对资料进行分析.结果:共提炼出4个主题:外科术后危重患者早期活动的风险性高;对外科术后危重患者早期活动的重要性认知不足;外科术后危重患者早期活动执行受限;外科术后危重患者早期活动的流程和方案不确定.结论:制定相关的法律法规,确保ICU医护人员在执业过程中的安全;提高医护人员、病患对术后危重患者早期活动的重要性认知;增加人力资源的配置,提高文书信息化的程度,实现"把时间还给护士,把护士还给病人"的目标;制定切实可行的外科术后危重患者早期活动的流程和实施方案,最终使危重患者得到安全、有效、科学的早期活动护理服务.%Objective:To discuss the ICU nurses' real experience about early activities of postoperative critically sick patients. Methods:ICU nurses in service from our hospital were taken as object study to receive an in-depth interview, which was recorded and took down on site, and after 22 man-hour' s inter-view, the data reached saturation. Then, the data were analyzed with Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method. Results:Four topics were extracted out:the postop-erative critically sick patients' early activities are of high risk;the significance of postoperative critically sick patients' early activities is not sufficiently cog-nized;the postoperative critically sick patients' early activities are restricted in execution;and the process and plan of postoperative critically sick patients' early activities are undetermined. Conclusion:Relevant laws and regulations should be formulated, to ensure the safety of ICU medical workers during working;both medical workers and patients should improve the cognition to the significance of postoperative critically sick patients' early activities;the allocation of hu-man resources should be increased, and also the document informationalization should be increased, to realize the goal of "returning the time to the nurses, and the nurses to the patients";and practical and feasible process and implementation plan should be drafted for postoperative critically sick patients' early activities, therefore, guaranteeing that the critically sick patients would get safe, effective and scientific early activities nursing service finally.