一种新型电涡流阻尼器及阻尼性能研究

摘要

Based on the eddy current principle, a novel eddy current damper applicable to attenuating vibration of spacecraft is proposed. Firstly, by virtue of the numerical simulation, the magnetic and mechanical finite element model is es-tablished to analyze the damping characteristics of the eddy current damper. Then the damping characteristic is tested on a vi-bration test bench, where the sinusoidal excitation with amplitudes of 0.1mm and 1mm are applied respectively in the fre-quency range of 1-50Hz. Finally, the mechanical model of the damper is established based on the Bouc-Wen hysteretic theo-ry, which is used to study the relationship among the loading, the damper structure, and the alternative Lorentz force. The re-sults show that this new eddy current damper can provide a damping force under the excitation loading. The damping force acquired from the test is close to that of the simulation results. Therefore, the presented model can be efficiently used to re-flecting the mechanical properties of the eddy current damper.%基于电涡流原理提出一种新型的可用于航天器振动被动抑制的电涡流阻尼器。首先，依托数值仿真建立阻尼器的磁场和力学有限元分析模型，对阻尼器的性能进行分析计算。其次，在振动测试实验台上进行阻尼特性测试，获得了小位移0.1 mm、大位移1 mm下的1 Hz～50 Hz频率范围内正弦激励作用工况下的阻尼系数。然后根据Bouc-Wen滞回模型建立了阻尼器的力学模型，研究了负载、阻尼器结构、交变洛仑兹力之间的关系。研究结果表明这种新型的电涡流阻尼器在外载激励作用下能够输出与仿真结果较为接近的阻尼力，且阻尼系数随激励频率变化具有明显的规律性，根据仿真和实验结果建立的阻尼力力学模型可以很好地用于电涡流阻尼器的力学特性仿真分析。