鉴于圆柱度误差会影响圆柱形零件的装配条件极其精密产品的性能，提出了一种用于圆柱类零件圆柱度建模及其误差分析的方法，首先利用L-F方程和群粒子优化算法分别对圆柱度误差进行建模和评估，然后利用Monte Carlo模拟法对轴和孔的虚拟装配发展而来的接触法以确定其位置精度。圆柱度误差和谐波次数(即谐波波瓣数)对零件位置精度的影响将会进行详细的分析，并通过对已有文献中的数据进行仿真试验和比较。结果表明在两个圆柱形工件间的圆柱度误差对位置精度的影响比圆度误差更为显著，并且证明上述建模和评估方法的有效性；当通过测量获得被加工零件的设计公差和几何误差后，该方法还能够快速地预测出相应的位置精度。%The circular and cylindrical features are fundamental geometric features in machines. Cylindricity error affects the fitting conditions of cylindrical components and impacts the performance of the precision products. In this paper, the cylindricity error was modeled using L-F functions and evaluated by particle swarm optimization algorithm. Then the contact method is developed to determine the position accuracy through the virtual assembling of the bore and shaft using the monte carlo simulation. The effects of the cy-lindricity error and the number of lobes on the position error were analyzed in detail. The results indicate that the cylindricity error has more significant influence on the position accuracy between the cylindrical parts than the roundness error. Using the suggested method in the paper, the position accuracy can be rapidly pre-dicted after the design tolerances are allocated or the geometrical errors are measured on manufactured parts.
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