高速微铣削难加工材料切削参数优化试验研究

摘要

The micro groove structure be processed in titanium alloy Ti6Al4V surface and stainless steel 0Cr18Ni9 surface using high speed precision micro milling machine tool,regarding surface roughness Ra as research object,optimizing cutting parameters of hard machining materials. Using single factor experiment and muti-factor orthogonal experiment to study the influence law of spindle speed,feed rate and axial cutting depth on surface roughness,finished the optimal parameter combination simultaneously. Experimental results show that the surface quality of two materials is different because the two materials have different physical, chemical and mechanical process performance. When machining titanium alloy and stainless steel,the influ-ence of various factors on the surface roughness from big to small in turn is of vf>n>ap and vf>ap>n. Un-der the condition of this test,in order to improve the processing surface quality of parts,it should be appropri-ate to improve the spindle rotational speed,reduce the feed speed and axial cutting depth,so the optimal pa-rameters is of n=30000 r/min,vf=40 mm/min,ap=10 μm in micro-milling titanium alloy and the optimal parameters is of n=48000 r/min,vf=30 mm/min,ap=10 μm in micro-milling stainless steel.%利用高速精密微铣削机床在钛合金Ti6 Al4 V与不锈钢0 Cr18 Ni9表面加工微沟槽结构,以沟槽底面粗糙度Ra为目标,优化难加工材料的切削参数。分别采用单因素试验与多因素正交试验研究主轴转速、进给速度与轴向切深对表面粗糙度的影响规律,通过极差与方差分析法指出各切削参数对表面粗糙度影响的主次顺序与最优参数组合。试验结果表明：由于两种材料具有不同的物理、化学与机械加工性,所以表面质量有所差异,加工钛合金与不锈钢时,各因素对表面粗糙度的影响从大到小依次分别为vf >n>ap 与vf >ap >n；在本次试验条件下,为了提高零件的加工表面质量,应适当提高主轴转速,减小进给速度与轴向切深,因此选择铣削钛合金的最优参数为n=30000r/min、vf =40mm/min、ap=10μm,铣削不锈钢的最优参数为n=48000r/min、vf =30mm/min、ap=10μm。