国外鼓励高校毕业生到基层工作的政策支持体系及其启示

摘要

The key of encouraging talents to rural grassroots movement is the effective incentive system design and policy guidance. Abroad common practice is institutional formation mechanism by the introduction of talent preferential policy,which relies on policy driving force to make up for the imbalance of regional talent. In order to encourage college graduates to work at the grassroots level,some developed countries and modern emerging countries have established a mature policy support system,which reflects four typical characteristics that are precise policy targeting,reasonable policy management system,strict policy measures system and efficient policy action mechanism. Abroad experience has certain enlightenment to China.%鼓励人才向农村基层流动，关键在于有效的激励制度设计和政策引导。国外的通行做法是通过出台人才特惠性政策形成制度性的补偿机制，依靠政策驱动力弥补区域人才失衡。为鼓励高校毕业生到基层工作，部分发达国家和现代新兴国家建立了较为成熟的政策支持体系，其精准的政策目标定位、合理的政策管理体制、严密的政策措施体系以及高效的政策作用机理，对我国具有一定的启示和借鉴作用。