认知行为疗法对学龄前患儿伤口拆线过程恐惧及疼痛程度的影响

摘要

Objective To observe the influence of psycholagical intervention on phobia and pain in preschoolers during stitches removal.Methods Between June 2008 and May 2010, 110 preschoolers who received stitches removal in surgical out-patient department were collected and divided into the intervention group and the control group according to the sequence of visits, 55 cases in each.Routine nursing was provided for the control group.Cognitive behavior therapy and atimulative exposure therapy were used in the intervention group.Phobia and pain degree of preschoolers and family's cooperation were evaluated and compared between the two groups.Results Phobia and pain degree of preschoolers in the intervention group was lower than that in the control group, while the degree of family's cooperalion was higher in the intervenbon group than that in the control group.All had significant statisric difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Psychological intervention can obviously reduce phobia and pain of preschoolers and increase cooperation of family and children during stitches removal, and can reduce workload of out-patient nurses and enhance nurse-patient relationahip.%目的 观察认知行为疗法和刺激暴露疗法对学龄前患儿伤口拆线过程恐惧及疼痛程度的影响.方法 选择2008年6月-2010年5月本院外科门诊伤口拆线的学龄前患儿110例,按就诊的先后顺序分为干预组和对照组,每组各55例.对照组采用常规护理,干预组采用认知行为疗法和刺激暴露疗法对患儿进行心理干预,比较两组患儿伤口拆线时的恐惧、疼痛程度以及家属的配合度.结果 干预组患儿的恐惧及疼痛程度低于对照组、家属配合度高于对照组(均P<0.05).结论 认知行为疗法和刺激暴露疗法能降低学龄前患儿在拆线过程中的恐惧心理及疼痛程度,提高患儿家属的配合度,使拆线能顺利进行;同时也减轻了门诊护士的工作量,强化了护患沟通.