新烟碱类与拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂对蚜虫的联合作用研究

摘要

In order to provide reference for development of insecticides, the joint effects of four neonicotinoid insecticides and two pyrethroid insecticides were tested against bean aphid, the four neonicotinoid insecticides were thiamethoxam, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, imidaclothiz and the two pyrethroid insecticides were lambda-cyhalothrin, bifenthrin. The bioassays were carried out by dipping method for bean aphid and the type of joint action was evaluated by equivalent linear method and the co-toxicity coefficient method. Contact activities of eight neonicotinoid insecticides against aphid from high to low were thiamethoxam, imidacloprid, thiacloprid, nitenpyram, acetamiprid, clothianidin, imidaclothiz and dinotefuran. Contact activities of four pyrethroid insecticides against aphid were lambda-cyhalothrin, deltamethrin, beta-cypermethrin and bifenthrin. The joint effects of the eighteen mixtures showed synergistic, additive or antagonistic. Two mixtures of nitenpyram + lambda-cyhalothrin (5∶1) and thiamethoxam + bifenthrin (5∶1) were recommended among the eighteen mixtures. In the research and development of insecticide mixtures, blind imitation was harmful and actual screening results were necessary. Also, the insecticides mixtures should be scientific and practical, and could play a role in resistance management and reduction use.%研究比较了噻虫嗪、噻虫啉、烯啶虫胺、氯噻啉等4个新烟碱类杀虫剂与高效氯氟氰菊酯、联苯菊酯等2个拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的联合作用，为复配制剂的研发提供科学依据。室内采用浸渍法对蚕豆蚜进行毒力测定，采用等效线法和共毒系数法评价联合作用类型。结果表明：8个新烟碱类杀虫剂对蚜虫的活性从高到低依次为噻虫嗪、吡虫啉、噻虫啉、烯啶虫胺、啶虫脒、噻虫胺、氯噻啉、呋虫胺，4个拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂对蚜虫的活性从高到低依次为高效氯氟氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、联苯菊酯。18个组合的联合作用表现出增效、相加或拮抗等，并未发现明显规律。从18个组合中优先推荐烯啶虫胺＋高效氯氟氰菊酯(5∶1)、噻虫嗪＋联苯菊酯(5∶1)。在复配研发时，切不可盲目模仿，必须以实际筛选试验结果为依据，也希望复配具有科学性和实用性，并在抗性治理和减量使用中发挥应有的作用。