运载火箭海上测控任务中的天线方向图分析

摘要

在运载火箭的海上测控任务中,测量船的工况设计是最重要的工作之一.任务孤段、海域条件、覆盖率、飞行器天线方向图均是任务设计中的重要约束因素,过去的工况设计中一般对天线方向图做简化处理,但这种简化往往忽略天线方向图的哑点区域而造成运载火箭飞行过程中跟踪信号闪断或丢失.提出采用一种利用测控信号分析的墨迹法,使测量船在任务中尽量避开低强度测控信号区域.该方法为测量船的海上工况设计提供了既量化又直观的约束条件,有利于测量船工况设计的精细化.%The mission analysis for tracking ships is essential for sea based spacecraft tracking and control.Many constraints such as access intervals,tracking site maritime condition,coverage and antenna pattern have to be considered in the analysis.In mission analyses,antenna patterns of spacecraft transceivers were commonly simplified as the parameter half cone.However,the simplification sometimes neglects the possible dumb area in the pattern,and it could even cause flash-off of signal and loss of tracking in some missions.The paper proposes an antenna pattern inking method for sea based space tracking mission analysis.The method provides a visualized constraint for mission analyses.The method is convenient and beneficial for the quantification of sea based space tracking mission analysis.