目的:了解和分析农村地区居民对免费卫生服务的利用情况.方法:采用随机抽样的方法对湖北、山东两省477名农村居民进行问卷调查.结果:32.3％的居民在过去1年中曾经接受当地组织的免费卫生服务,其中以体检和妇科检查最为常见；不同年龄段人群利用免费卫生服务情况具有显著性差异(x2=13.272,P=0.003),但女性利用妇科检查的服务比例只有17.5％.从免费卫生服务供方而言,调查地区在过去一年内共组织义诊78次,县乡两级医疗机构是主要的参与单位,但县乡以外医疗机构参与较少.同时,国家规定的免费基本公共卫生项目的政策与实施存在差距,主要表现在资金到位问题、服务不规范、数量不足等问题.结论:农村妇女免费妇科检查接受度较低；不同年龄阶段农村居民利用免费卫生服务情况存在不同,应加强不同阶段人群免费卫生服务内容和形式设计针对性；医院组织义诊活动中居民利用率不高；规范国家基本公共卫生服务项目的实施,保证农村居民切实享受相关免费卫生服务.%Objective: To investigate the application of free health service of population in rural area. Methods: The method of random sampling was conducted to carry on questionnaire survey to 477 rural residents in province of Shandong and Huibei. Results: The residents who had accepted free health service from local organization in the past year accounted for 32.3%, the physical examination and the gynecological examination are the most commom services. The application of free health service has significant difference among different age section, only 17.5% female have utilized the gynecological examination (χ2=13.272, P=0.003) . In terms of the supplier of free health service, free treatments have been carried for 78 times in the investigated area, the country and township are the main participations. There are disparity between the implementation and the policy of the free basic public health programs. Conclusion: The acceptance rate of gynecological examination among rural female is low. There are difference in the application of free health service among age sections, the direction of content should been strengthened according to different age sections; the rate of the application of free treatment carried by the hospital, the country's basic public health programs should been regulated to guarantee the rural residents to enjoy free health service.
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