健康及相关因素对广东省高校离退休老年人生活质量的影响

摘要

Objective: To study the present situation of the quality of life and its influential factors of the elderly retired from the universities of Guangdong province.Methods: With cluster sampling method and using questionnaires about general information and health survey ( SF -36), 412 elderly retired from the universities of Guangdong province were investigated.Results:The elderly who were teachers before retiring had higher scores in 8 scales-RF, RP, BP, GH, VT, SF, RE and MH.The elderly who were managers before retiring had the lowest scores.The scores of each scale of SF-36 between teacher and management group had significant difference (P<0.05).The effect factors of QOL of the eld-erly include chronic diseases, living, exercise, mental health and subjective happiness.Conclusion:The elderly retired should be encouraged to participate in physical exercises and live in a healthy lifestyle to improve their physical and psychological health and life quality.%目的：了解健康及相关因素对广东省高校离退休老年人生活质量状况的影响，为提高其生活质量提供理论依据。方法：采用多阶段分层整群抽样法，应用一般资料调查表、健康调查简表（ SF－36）对广东省412名高校离退休老年人进行调查。结果：离退休前工种为教师的老年人在PF、RP、BP、GH、VT、SF、RE、MH 8个维度的得分较高，工种为管理的老年人得分最低；教师组、管理组离退休老年人SF－36量表各个维度得分差异有统计学意义（ P＜0．05）。生活质量的影响因素是慢性疾病、居住情况、体育锻炼、心理健康和主观幸福度。结论：鼓励老年人参加体育锻炼，培养健康的生活方式，改善身心健康，提高生活质量。