月经状况对社区妇女肌肉骨骼疼痛的影响

摘要

Objective To explore the impact of menstrual status on musculoskeletal pain in healthy women.Methods A total of 697 generally healthy women aged 35 to 64 years were recruited from a communi-ty in Beijing.Data were collected by face-to-face interview with a questionnaire including social and demo-graphic features, menstrual status, frequency of musculoskeletal pain ( rarely, occasionally, or frequently ) during the last two weeks at neck, lower back, knee, and other parts of the body.Frequent pain was consid-ered severe and its potential relevant factors were analyzed .Results In all the subjects, 33.4%complained of frequent lower back pain, 31.0% frequent knee pain, 29.7% frequent neck pain, and 25.6% pain at other parts.The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was higher in postmenopausal women than in premenopa-usal women ( P<0.01 ); early postmenopausal women had most frequent musculoskeletal pain , while the frequency declined in late postmenopausal period.The prevalence of neck pain and lower back pain in-creased during the menopausal transition period and was not associated with age .The prevalence of knee pain increased with body mass index ( BMI) and age ( OR=1.085 , 1.050 ) .Overweight and obesity were risk factors for knee pain in women .Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratio of knee pain in-creased in obese women ( BMI≥28 kg/m2 ) compared with women with normal BMI ( <24 kg/m2 ) ( OR=2.256 ) .Conclusions Menopause may be an important factor for musculoskeletal pain in women , the associa-tion of musculoskeletal pain with age and BMI also should be considered .%目的：探讨月经状况对社区女性肌肉骨骼疼痛的影响。方法采用统一的调查问卷，对北京市某社区697名35～64岁常住妇女进行面对面调查。问卷内容包括主要的社会人口学特征、月经状况、近2周内的肌肉骨骼疼痛发生情况，包括颈部、腰背部、膝部和其他部位，各部位疼痛发生频率用无、偶尔和经常表示。本研究将经常性的肌肉骨骼疼痛视为严重症状，分析其影响因素。结果腰背部疼痛是社区35～64岁妇女最常见的肌肉骨骼症状（33.4％），其次为膝部疼痛（31.0％）、颈部疼痛（29.7％）、其他部位肌肉骨骼疼痛（25.6％）。绝经后妇女肌肉骨骼疼痛发生率显著高于绝经前妇女（P＜0.01），绝经后期早期为肌肉骨骼疼痛发生的高峰阶段，到绝经后期晚期明显下降。颈部疼痛、腰背部疼痛发生率在绝经过渡期开始增加，与增龄不相关；膝部疼痛发生率随体重指数（body mass index， BMI）增加、年龄增长而增加（OR＝1.085，1.050）。超重和肥胖是妇女膝部疼痛发生的危险因素。 Logistic回归分析显示，肥胖妇女（BMI≥28 kg／m2）与正常体重妇女（BMI＜24 kg／m2）相比，膝部疼痛发生的危险度显著增加（OR＝2.256）。结论绝经是女性肌肉骨骼疼痛发生的重要影响因素，增龄和超重与肌肉骨骼疼痛的相关性也不能被忽视。