中国军人自杀意念的年代特征及其与心身健康的关系

摘要

Objective To investigate the age feature of suicidal intention in Chinese military personnel and its relationship with psychosomatic health to provide a scientific basis for formulation of mental health policy and intervention of related psychological crisis. Methods By random cluster sampling, a total of 11 362 military personnel including army, navy and air-force (1100 in 1980s, 8000 in 1990s, 2262 in year 2000) were tested by Chinese Psychosomatic Health Scale (CPSHS), then SPSS statistic 17.0 program was employed for data analysis by using χ2-test, t-test and stepwise regression analysis. Results The incidence rate of military personnel's suicidal intention in the three decades from 1980 to 2000 was 10.27%, 7.09% and 2.83% respectively, and a decreasing trend was found (P<0.01). The scores of cardiovascular symptom, alimentary system, motor system, skin, reproductive-endocrine system, nervous system, depression, psychosis and family history were significantly higher among the military personnel who had suicidal intention than those of control population (P<0.05 or 0.01). The scores of other factors showed no significant difference between two groups (military personnel with vs without suicidal intention, P>0.05). Suicidal intention was selected into the regression equation of mental health, physical health, and total psychosomatic health scores, which could positively predict the level of military personnel's psychosomatic health (P=0.0S or 0.01). ConclusionS Military personnel's suicidal intention presents a decreasing trend: the psychosomatic health of military personnel who have suicidal intention is worse than that of personnel without such psychological ailment.%目的 探讨中国军人自杀意念的年代特征及其与心身健康状况的关系,为部队心理卫生政策的制定和军人心理危机干预提供科学依据.方法 采用随机整群抽样法,选取各大军区陆、海、空官兵11 362人进行中国心身健康量表(cpSHS)测评,其中20世纪80年代1100人、90年代8000人,2000年2262人.数据结果以SPSS 17.0软件进行x2检验、t检验、逐步回归分析等统计学处理.结果 20世纪80年代、90年代及2000年军人自杀意念发生率分别为10.27％、7.09％、2.83％,两两比较差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).有自杀意念的军人心血管系统、消化系统、皮肤、生殖及内分泌系统、神经系统、抑郁、精神病性、家族史因子分均显著高于无自杀意念的军人(P＜0.05或0.01),而其他各因子分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).多元逐步回归分析显示,自杀意念进入以心理健康、躯体健康及心身健康总分为因变量的回归方程,且对军人心身健康因子分有正向预测作用(P＜0.01).结论 中国军人自杀意念发生率呈逐年下降趋势,有自杀意念的军人心身健康水平较差.