不同呼吸道湿化液在气管切开患者中应用效果的比较研究

摘要

目的：探讨不同湿化液对气管切开患者呼吸道湿化的效果。方法：将150例气管切开患者根据随机数字表法分为对照组、试验A组和试验B组各50例。试验组A使用灭菌注射用水+生理盐水+沐舒坦混合溶液作为呼吸道湿化液，试验组B使用1.4%的碳酸氢钠溶液作为呼吸道湿化液。对照组使用灭菌注射用水作为呼吸道湿化夜。观察不同湿化液对呼吸道湿化的效果和并发症的发生率。结果：试验A组呼吸道湿化效果良好率均明显高于试验B组和对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），而刺激性咳嗽、呼吸道黏膜损伤和出血、气道阻塞次数、呼吸道感染等并发症发生率均明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）；试验B组患者气道阻塞次数、呼吸道感染等并发症发生率均明显低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：灭菌注射用水+生理盐水+沐舒坦混合溶液在气管切开患者呼吸道湿化中效果明显，优于灭菌注射用水或1.4%的碳酸氢钠溶液，值得在临床护理中推广应用。%Objective:To explore the airway humidification effect of different humidification fluid for patients with tracheotomy.Method:According to the random number table,150 tracheotomy patients were randomly divided into the control group,the test group A and the test group B,50 cases in each group.The test group was given sterile water+saline+ambroxol mixture liquid as respiratory tract wet.The test group B was given 1.4% sodium bicarbonate solution as airway humidification fluid.The control group was given sterile water as airway humidification fluid.The effects and complications of different humidification fluid on airway wet were observed and compared.Result:In the test group A,the effective rate of airway humidification was higher than the test group B and the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05),while the incidence of irritable cough,airway mucosa damage and bleeding, obstruction of the airway,respiratory infection and other complications were significantly lower than the control group, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).The rate of airway obstruction and respiratory infection of the test group B were lower than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The airway humidification effect of sterile water+saline+ambroxol mixed solution for patients in tracheotomy is obvious,which is better than sterile water and 1.4%sodium bicarbonate,and it is worthy of popularization and application in clinical nursing.