Single-crystal tungsten-based alloys with molybdenum and rhenium

摘要

Single crystals of ternary W-based alloys with 2 % Re and less than 7 % Mo have been grown for the first time at the Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science RAS. Plasma arc melting allowed us to effectively purify the single crystals from a number of impurities. According to mass spectrometric analysis for 70 elements, the total content of impurities does not exceed 0. 063%. It was found that, as the Mo content increases, the size of first-kind subgrains decreases and their mutual misorientation increases. In the W-based alloy with 2.3 % Re and 6.7% Mo, no first-kind subgrains are observed,whereas second-kind subgrains are elongated along the growth direction. In this case, their total misorientation is well below that in the other low-alloy single crystals.Single-crystal of binary tungsten-based alloys with rhenium were prepared by electron-beam zone melting (1% Re, mass fraction) and plasma arc melting (2%Re, 10%Re, 25%Re (mass fraction)). It was found that the low-alloyed (1%-2 % Rh (mass fraction)) W-based alloys are characterized by a rather perfect single-crystal structure and misorientations of first- and second-kind subgrains of 20-50' and 10-40', respectively. Sections with the coarse-grained structure are observed in ingots of the alloy with 10%and 25% (mass fraction) Rh; in the alloy with 25% Rh, such structure is observed immediately from the seed.A device for measuring the liquidus and solidus temperatures of refractory metallic alloys has been designed. The liquidus temperatures of ternary single crystals (W-Mo-Re) have been measured.The studied single crystals, owing to their purity and high stability of the structure and properties,are widely used in electronics, electrical engineering, and analytical devices for various purposes.