TiNi基高温形状记忆合金的马氏体相变与形状记忆效应

摘要

The recent development of TiNibased high temperature shape memory alloys (SMAs) and their applications were reviewed in this paper.The TiNibased high temperature SMAs mainly include Ti-Ni-Pd,Ti-Ni-Zr and Ti-Ni-Hf alloys.The phase transformation temperatures can be adjusted by aging treatment.The martensitic transformation behaviors,microstructure,shape memory effect and superelasticity properties of TiNibased high temperature SMA bulk materials,ribbons and thin films were summarized.The strengthening caused by the precipitation of nanoscale particle during aging in Ti-Ni-Hf alloys should be responsible for the improvement of shape memory effect and superelasticity properties.It has been presented that finding the ways to increase the transformation temperatrues and improve shape memory effect is the main trend of research and development of TiNIbased high temperature SMAs.%综述了Ti-Ni基高温形状记忆合金中的马氏体相变和形状记忆效应最近研究进展。Ti-Ni基高温形状记忆合金主要包括用Ti-Ni-Pd,Ti-Ni-Pt,Ti-Ni-Zr和Ti-Ni-Hf等。对Ti-Ni基高温形状记忆合金体材料、薄带和薄膜中的马氏体相变、组织结构、形状记忆效应以及超弹性性能等进行了评述和归纳。值得注意的是，通过适当的时效处理可调节相变温度，显著改善Ti-Ni-Hf高温形状记忆合金的开头记忆效应和超弹性性能，其主要原因在于时效的Ti-Ni-Hf合金中析出纳米级析出相导致基体强度升高。采取适当的制备和加工方法，提高合金的马氏体相变温度，改善合金的开头记忆效应，是当前TiNi基形状记忆合金研究的主要发展趋势。