锡-金属氧化物多相复合储锂负极材料的研究进展

摘要

As a candidate anode material for lithium ion batteries,tin (Sn) has attracted many research attentions because of its much higher specific capacity and safety than those of commercially used graphite.This article firstly introduces the lithium storage properties of Sn-based anodes and their key issues which needed to be solved for practical application.It has been pointed out that combining Sn with other materials,as well as tuning the composition,dimension and dispersion of the phases,are important strategies to enhance the cycling performance of Sn-based anodes.We review the recent research progress on Sn-metal oxide multi-phase composite anode materials,focusing on the influence of synergistic effects between Sn and metal oxides on the electrochemical properties of electrodes.Finally,it has been emphasized that the initial Coulombic efficiency of the Sn-metal oxide composite anodes need to be paid more attention and further improved.%金属锡(Sn)作为锂离子电池负极材料具有比石墨负极更高的比容量和更可靠的安全性,得到了广泛关注研究.首先简述了Sn基负极的储锂特性及要实现大规模应用仍需解决的关键基础问题;其次指出了将锡与其他相材料进行多相复合、合理调控电极材料的物相组成与尺度和分布是一种提高锡基负极材料循环性能的重要措施.主要综述了Sn与金属氧化物(包括嵌锂活性相、非活性相等)多相复合体系负极材料的研究进展,重点介绍了微纳金属氧化物与Sn的协同作用对复合电极材料电化学性能的改善作用.最后强调如何进一步提高Sn-金属氧化物多相复合材料的首次库伦效率仍是需要深入研究的重要方向.