广西北仑河口红树林保护区表层海水溶解态重金属时空分布及其影响因素

摘要

根据2013年5月（春季）和8月（夏季）对广西北仑河口红树林保护区的现场调查监测数据，研究了表层海水中溶解态重金属Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd、Cr、As、Hg的时空分布特征，探讨了其影响因素，并对其污染水平进行了评价。结果表明，表层海水各溶解态重金属的浓度、空间波动程度在春、夏季均存在一定的差异；Hg的污染明显超过国家一类海水水质标准，且夏季污染水平高于春季。Cu-Zn、Cu-Cd、Zn-Pb、Zn-Cd之间存在显著正相关，春、夏季As以及夏季Cr分别与盐度之间呈显著正相关，其他重金属与盐度之间无显著相关性。各重金属的时空分布主要受到陆源输入、沿岸江河冲淡水和海水盐度变化等因素的影响。%Based on the investigation data in the mangrove reserve at the Beilun River Estuary in Guangxi in May (spring) and August ( summer) in 2013, the spatial and temporal distributions of the heavy metals ( Cu、 Zn、 Pb、 Cd、 Cr、 As、Hg) and influence factors were studied, and the pollution levels were evaluated. The results showed that the concentrations and fluctuation degrees of the heavy metals in surface seawater were different in spring and summer;the pollution of Hg was obviously more than the first category seawater quality standard, and the pollution in summer was more severe than that in spring. Cu and Zn, Cu and Cd, Zn and Pb, Zn and Cd were positively correlated with each other, and the concentrations of As in spring and summer and Cr in summer had a significantly positive correlation with salinity, respectively. The other heavy metals had no significant correlation with salinity. The temporal and spatial distributions of the heavy metals were mainly affected by the terrestrial input, diluted river water and salinity changes.